With the promotion of new energy and wind power vigorous development, wind turbine installed capacity is also increasing, the life of the wind turbine is about 20-25 years, Chines wind power market after more than a decade of rapid development, the early installation of wind turbines will usher in the centralized retirement, to 2025 wind power blade will usher in a large number of retirement tide, from 2030 to reach about 300,000 tons per year, how to deal with has also become an important issue.
After wind turbine retirement, about 85% to 90% of the total wind turbine can be recycled, which includes the foundation, tower, gear box and generator. However, most blades are machined from glass fiber reinforced thermoset resin matrix composites. This material, despite its excellent resistance to compression and durability, cannot be effectively recycled, and the cutting and disassembly process for recycling is complex, making blade recycling a particular challenge.
The current wind turbine blade material is mainly made of epoxy resin, polyester resin, vinyl resin and other thermosetting matrix resin and glass fiber, carbon fiber and other reinforcing materials, by hand laying or resin injection and other molding process composite, as a composite material blade with high corrosion resistance, insoluble and non-melting properties. Can not be natural degradation in the environment, and the traditional solid waste treatment methods, such as landfills, incineration and other measures will cause serious secondary pollution.
Wind turbine blade recycling will encounter the challenges?
1.wind power projects are mostly in remote areas, scattered machine, the whole blade of the transport difficulties, high cost.
2.the industry lacks experience in dealing with retired wind power blades, no systematic blade processing solutions, and lack of specialized equipment technology.
3.A high-value recycling application system should be established as soon as possible to create industrialized demonstration projects.
How to solve this problem?
For the blade recycling problem, Chinese retired wind power blade comprehensive utilization was put on the agenda, especially in the "double carbon" goal put forward after, wind power equipment recycling reuse problem is gradually attached importance. But with the sharp increase in the number of retired wind turbine blade, the next step also need the relevant departments, the whole chain of relevant enterprises, around the policy, standards, technology research and development, etc., improve the blade recycling system, do a good job blade retirement related work, and promote the wind power industry high-quality development. More to establish a sound blade recycling reuse system as soon as possible.
First, we should accelerate the policy and standard development. Should as soon as possible to study the establishment of the promotion of retired wind turbine equipment recycling reuse mechanism, improve the retired blade recycling disposal methods, the development of relevant composite material solid waste treatment standards, for wind power recycling implementation of special preferential policies, such as tax rebates. In addition, should also be clear recycling responsibility subject, the implementation of the lead unit, the formation of blade recycling industry business model, guide and standardize the comprehensive utilization of retired wind power blade.
Second, to strengthen the wind power blade recycling reuse technology research. To promote the scale of retired blade recycling, we should consider the economic, social and environmental benefits in a comprehensive manner, optimize the resource recycling technology, focusing on solving the technical route of recycling methods, equipment industrialization and the scale application of materials and other challenges. At the same time, it is also necessary to deepen cooperation between industry, academia and research, research and exploration of more efficient and environmentally friendly recycling and disposal processes to expand the application scenario. Encourage equipment manufacturing enterprises to improve the recycling system, cultivate blade manufacturing, use, recycling and reuse of the complete industry chain, so that the retired wind power blade material can be an environmentally friendly and economic and reasonable way to carry out high-value recycling and reuse.
Third, to strengthen the wind power blade new materials research and development. On the one hand, research to expand the new materials, in order to ensure that the wind turbine mechanical performance requirements at the same time focus on the convenience of recycling and reuse. Such as the use of thermoplastic composite materials, from the beginning of the design of the whole industry chain layout, to promote the blade recycling. On the other hand, through the implementation of the old wind turbine technology transformation, to extend the blade life, can relatively reduce the amount of retired blade generation.
Current methods of handling used blades
Due to the heavy mass, large volume and high strength of waste wind turbine blades, no matter what method is used for treatment, mechanical cutting and impact, shear, extrusion, friction, low temperature or wet crushing measures should be used to turn them into the size and shape for easy transportation or in situ treatment, and then further treatment according to the treatment plan. In view of the material composition of the wind turbine blade, we can divide the treatment of wind turbine blade into non-separated resin method and separated resin method from the perspective of resin material, non-separated resin method includes reuse method, cement kiln co-disposal method, mechanical method, etc., and separated resin method includes pyrolysis method, chemical method and other methods. The following is a brief description of several methods of waste fan blade treatment.
(1) ladder utilization technology
Waste wind turbine blade for direct processing reuse, so as to transform into new products. Waste blades can be processed directly in the wind farm, so that it becomes able to reuse the product, or sold to the processing plant, the waste wind turbine blades will be transformed into signage, public places modeling, etc.
(2) mechanical grinding method
Mechanical grinding method is to use the crusher to cut the wind blades material into pieces, this method will make the mechanical properties of the fan material decline, resulting in the crushed material for the design of products with low requirements.
The advantages of the mechanical grinding method is environmentally friendly, simple process, economic and reliable, can be used for commercial scale, at this stage the use of mechanical grinding method of recycling fan blades have been applied to many industries.
(3) chemical recovery method
Chemical recovery method is a use of catalysts or additives and other chemical reagents on the wind turbine blade composite decomposition method, its principle is to use these solvents to break down the chemical bonds in the material, so as to decompose the required material fiber.
But this method is currently mainly used in the laboratory environment, and the chemical method is accompanied by a certain degree of danger, the reaction conditions and environmental requirements are also high, can not be applied to industrial scale.
(4) High-pressure fragmentation
High-voltage fragmentation is the disintegration of a composite fiber material by repeated electrical pulses of discharge between two electrodes in a short period of time. The advantage of this method of high pressure fragmentation is that it is cleaner and the extracted fiber material is purer, but this method requires high energy consumption in the recovery process and the recovery cost is larger. This technique is mainly used in laboratories and medium scale production.
CRRC how to handle retired wind turbine blades?
As the leader of wind turbine, CRRC is committed to the in-depth exploration and research of the whole life cycle of wind turbine, and proposes a new system solution "Intelligent Mobile Factory" for the sustainable recycling of wind turbine blades.
The main equipment is as follows:
1.Blade cutting car: developed intelligent professional equipment at the machine end, mobile lifting and transportation equipment, to complete the blade in situ division, lifting and transportation operations.
2.Blade crushing car: developed blade shredding, crushing, screening and other multi-professional processing module integrated intelligent processing equipment, through the equipment operation can output different length-diameter ratio of recycled fiber.
3.Blade packing and encapsulation vehicle: through the packing and encapsulation processing unit, finally complete the packing and encapsulation of high-value regenerated fiber products.
The output is widely used in construction materials, wood-plastic products, cement building materials products, etc. Among them, recycled glass fiber is a high quality raw material for high crack-resistant concrete, integrated self-leveling mortar and plastering mortar.
The intelligent mobile factory of CRRC system solution fills the gap in domestic blade recycling with core technologies such as intelligent control, function integration, efficient dust removal and explosion-proof safety, and is specialized, intelligent and movable. After preliminary estimation, only the front section blade recycling transportation cost will be more than 50%, and the scale operation efficiency will be increased by about 30%.
The benefits of recycling of waste and old wind turbine blades:
1.Save resources, secondary use of waste materials
2.Protect the environment
3.Save cost
4.Provide employment opportunities for recycling manufacturing field
Low carbon, green, environmental protection, energy saving is the theme of global development. In this environment, in the face of the year by year growth of waste wind turbines generated by the waste wind turbine blade, the traditional method has not been able to meet the recycling requirements, need to have newer, more environmentally friendly, higher utilization rate of the method to recycle these materials as soon as possible. As the amount of waste of these materials increases year by year, high quality utilization is very necessary.
The scale of treatment after blade decommissioning and recycling is huge, and there is an urgent need for industry enterprises, blade factories to take the initiative, as well as the input of developers and the state. Industry integration will also help the industries to transform to the circular economy, so also need and materials, construction and other multi-sectoral cross-industry cooperation, so that the end-of-life blade recycling disposal to form a complete closed loop, the establishment of recycling ecology.
Boland Renewable Energy Co.,LTD As an integrated new energy power company, providing youwith high quality integrated wind energy , solar energy and energy storage system solutions.Boland is now a subsidiary of CRRC, and is responsible for the overseas expansion of CRRC's wind power & solar power business. We have a relatively complete internal supply chain, service network and excellent product quality and technology.
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