PV power plants will soon enter the large-scale operation and maintenance stage from the large-scale construction stage, and the operation, maintenance and hosting business of PV power plants will become the main topic of the future PV industry.
Characteristics of quality PV power plant O&M
Quality photovoltaic power plant operation and maintenance implementation should have the following six characteristics
1) Stable and immediate collection of real-time data, so that owners and investors have a clear picture of the power generation of the power plant at any time and anywhere.
(2) Preventive maintenance concept of real-time analysis and alerts on the potential failure of the power plant to prevent potential risks, so that you can rest assured that the value of assets.
(3) Analysis of power plant data enables continuous optimization of power plant operation and management, maintenance and improvement of power generation efficiency and power output throughout the life cycle of the power plant, and asset evaluation.
(4)Accurate power generation forecasting allows the State Grid Power Dispatch System to flexibly handle power deployment during high and low peak periods.
(5) PV power plant fire remote warning system will greatly reduce fire hazards and fully protect the safety of the power plant;
(6) The core of PV power plant operation and maintenance system lies in achieving maximum MTBF (mean time between failures) and minimum MTTR (mean time to recover from failure), including the following links:
- 7×24 real-time monitoring of operational status;
- Maintenance team management;
- Site inspection and component cleaning;
- Fault analysis and management;
- On-site spot checks and fault clearing;
- Warranty and claims, etc.
Frequently asked questions about the operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power plants
Combined with the problems that have arisen during the operation and maintenance of PV power plants at home and abroad in recent years, the factors affecting the stable operation of PV power plants are reflected in the following six aspects:
(1) Poor fault handling: too many fault stops and large deviations in power plant output.
(2) low O&M efficiency: due to the geographical constraints of the power station, the lack of professional and technical personnel, the difficulty of site management caused by the scattered layout of the power station and the lack of professional O&M management system resulting in low efficiency.
(3) Lack of maintenance tools: PV power plant maintenance and testing methods are backward, lack of on-site testing and maintenance tools.
(4) Maintenance measures are not in place: maintenance work can not adapt to the site environmental conditions, wide temperature, dust pollution.
(5) Inadequate safety precautions: no effective measures to prevent fire, theft and electric shock accidents in power stations.
(6) Insufficient monitoring data analysis capability: mainly reflected in large data errors, insufficient data storage space, serious data transmission packet loss and lack of data collection range.
Operation and maintenance points of some equipment
1.Operation and maintenance of photovoltaic modules
1) Module cleaning maintenance
Cleaning conditions: PV array output is lower than 85% of the initial state (at the end of the last cleaning) output. Cleaning precautions:
(1) Cleaning tools: soft and clean cloth
(2) Cleaning liquid: similar to the temperature difference of the module
(3)Climatic conditions: wind > 4, heavy rain, snow and other weather conditions prohibit cleaning
(4)Number of workers: 15-20 people
(5)Cleaning time: no sunlight time or morning and evening, photovoltaic modules by the sun's heat in the case of cold water cleaning will make the glass cover break.
The following is an O&M protocol that can be applied to a 100MW PV plant for reference only:
- Daily inspection:
(1) Daily inspection of the surrounding environment of the power plant and the integrity of the equipment, including battery packs, inverters, PV modules, connectors, etc.
(2) Monthly comprehensive inspection of the power plant inverter, PV modules, battery packs and other equipment to ensure their operational status and performance.
3) Conduct regular inspections of the power distribution equipment in the power station to prevent the power station from being shut down due to equipment failure or damage.
4) Regularly check whether the safety measures in the power station are perfect, including warning signs, safety precautions, etc.
- Cleaning and maintenance:
1) Regularly clean the PV modules to remove dust, dirt and other impurities to ensure the output power of PV modules.
2) Regularly replace damaged or aging PV modules to ensure stable operation of the power plant.
3) Maintenance and upkeep of inverters and battery packs, including replacement of aging parts and maintenance of cooling systems, etc.
3. Troubleshooting:
(1) Timely handling of faults in power station equipment to ensure normal operation of the power station.
2) Troubleshoot and diagnose faults in the power station and take appropriate measures to solve them.
3)Monitoring and analyzing the data of the power station, discovering faults and problems in time and taking measures to solve them.
4. Safety management:
1)Ensure the safe operation of the power station, strengthen the safety management and maintenance of the power station, and enhance the monitoring and management of the environment around the power station.
2)Strengthen the safety education for the equipment and staff in the power station, and improve the safety awareness and emergency handling ability of the power station.
3)Ensure the normal operation of power station equipment and avoid safety accidents caused by equipment failure or human factors.
5 .Environmental protection:
1)Strengthen the monitoring and protection of the environment around the power station, comply with environmental regulations and standards, and reduce pollution to the environment.
(2) Properly dispose of waste and wastewater in the power station to avoid pollution of the surrounding environment.
3)Strengthen the management of energy consumption in the power station, improve the efficiency of energy utilization and reduce the impact on the environment.
6. Data management:
(1) Collect and manage the data in the power station to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data.
2)Maintain and manage the monitoring equipment in the power station to ensure the normal operation of the monitoring system.
3) Analyze and process the data in the power station to improve the operational efficiency and energy utilization of the power station.
7 .Training management:
1)Training and management of power station operation and maintenance personnel to improve the operation and maintenance level and technical capability of the power station.
(2) Training and assessment of new employees to ensure that new employees have the necessary skills and knowledge.
3) Strengthen the management and supervision of power station operation and maintenance personnel to improve efficiency and quality.
8. Quality management:
1)Strict quality management of the equipment in the power station to ensure the reliability and stability of the equipment.
2)Strengthen the quality management of power station operation and maintenance work to ensure the standardization and accuracy of the work.
3) Analyze and deal with the problems in the power station to improve the overall quality level of the power station.
9. Preventive maintenance:
(1) Regularly inspect and maintain the equipment in the power station to detect and deal with equipment failures in a timely manner and prevent accidents from occurring.
2)Replace equipment and components in the power station on a regular basis according to the use of the equipment and the manufacturer's recommendations to ensure the performance and reliability of the equipment.
3)According to the operating condition of the power station and the equipment, make reasonable maintenance plans and cycles to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.
10. System optimization:
1)According to the actual situation of the power station and the performance of the equipment, optimize and adjust the operation mode of the power station to improve the power generation efficiency and energy utilization of the power station.
2)Upgrade and improve the components and parts in the power station to improve the performance and stability of the equipment.
(3) Optimize and improve the monitoring system and data management system in the power station to improve the efficiency of data collection and management, and provide more accurate and timely information support for the operation and management of the power station.
11 .Emergency handling:
(1) rapid response to emergencies, timely measures to prevent the expansion of the situation, to protect the safety of personnel and equipment.
2)Regularly organize emergency drills to improve the emergency handling ability of power station operation and maintenance personnel to ensure that they can respond quickly and effectively in emergency situations.
12. Operation report:
(1) Regularly submit the operation report of the power station to the management department, reflecting in detail the operation status, equipment performance, energy utilization efficiency, safety and environmental protection of the power station.
(2) Analyze and process the operation data of the power station, formulate corresponding improvement plans and improve the overall operation level and efficiency of the power station.
In general, the operation and maintenance protocols of PV power plants need to consider several aspects, including daily inspection, cleaning and maintenance, troubleshooting, safety management, environmental protection, data management, training management and quality management to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power plant, improve the energy utilization efficiency of the power plant and reduce the impact on the environment.
These are just some common contents of the operation and maintenance protocols of PV power plants, and the specific protocols should be developed and adjusted according to the actual situation and management requirements of the power plants. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation and efficient utilization of the power station, power station operation and maintenance personnel need to carefully implement the regulations, strictly in accordance with the requirements of inspection, maintenance and management, and constantly optimize and improve the operation mode and management methods of the power station.
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